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								<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix">
				<ul><li>Real-time Threat Detection</li><li>Runtime Code Visibility &amp; Control</li><li>Vulnerability Management</li><li>Cloud Compliance</li></ul>					</div>
						</div>
				</div>
						</div>
					</div>
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								</div>
					</div>
		</section>
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			<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Security for</h2>		</div>
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							<img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/linux-pop.png" class="attachment-full size-full jetpack-lazy-image" alt="Linux Icon" loading="lazy" data-lazy-src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/linux-pop.png?is-pending-load=1" srcset="" />								</a>
											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Linux Servers</figcaption>
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							<img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/kubernetes-pop.png" class="attachment-full size-full jetpack-lazy-image" alt="Kubernetes Icon" loading="lazy" data-lazy-src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/kubernetes-pop.png?is-pending-load=1" srcset="" />								</a>
											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Kubernetes</figcaption>
										</figure>
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											<a href="https://www.intezer.com/intezer-protect/container-security/">
							<img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/containers-pop.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full jetpack-lazy-image" alt="Containers Icon" loading="lazy" data-lazy-src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/containers-pop.jpg?is-pending-load=1" srcset="" />								</a>
											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Containers</figcaption>
										</figure>
								</div>
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				</div>
						</div>
					</div>
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				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c36e16f" data-id="c36e16f" data-element_type="column">
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										<img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/aws-pop.png" class="attachment-full size-full jetpack-lazy-image" alt="AWS Icon" loading="lazy" data-lazy-src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/aws-pop.png?is-pending-load=1" srcset="" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">AWS</figcaption>
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										<img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/google-pop.png" class="attachment-full size-full jetpack-lazy-image" alt="Google Icon" loading="lazy" data-lazy-src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/google-pop.png?is-pending-load=1" srcset="" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Google Cloud</figcaption>
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										<img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/azure-pop.png" class="attachment-full size-full jetpack-lazy-image" alt="Azure Icon" loading="lazy" data-lazy-src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/azure-pop.png?is-pending-load=1" srcset="" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Azure</figcaption>
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		    </header><div class="popup"><div role="form" class="wpcf7" id="wpcf7-f468-o1" lang="en-US" dir="ltr">
<div class="screen-reader-response"><p role="status" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true"></p> <ul></ul></div>
<form action="/blog/cloud-security/top-linux-cloud-threats-of-2020/#wpcf7-f468-o1" method="post" class="wpcf7-form init clearfix" novalidate="novalidate" data-status="init" id="request-demo-form">
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value="Colombia">Colombia</option><option value="Comoros">Comoros</option><option value="Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa)">Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa)</option><option value="Congo, Republic of(Brazzaville)">Congo, Republic of(Brazzaville)</option><option value="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</option><option value="Croatia">Croatia</option><option value="Cuba">Cuba</option><option value="Cyprus">Cyprus</option><option value="Czechia">Czechia</option><option value="Denmark">Denmark</option><option value="Djibouti">Djibouti</option><option value="Dominica">Dominica</option><option value="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</option><option value="East Timor (Timor-Leste)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</option><option value="Ecuador">Ecuador</option><option value="Egypt">Egypt</option><option value="El Salvador">El Salvador</option><option value="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</option><option value="Eritrea">Eritrea</option><option value="Estonia">Estonia</option><option value="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</option><option value="Fiji">Fiji</option><option value="Finland">Finland</option><option value="France">France</option><option value="Gabon">Gabon</option><option value="Gambia">Gambia</option><option value="Georgia">Georgia</option><option value="Germany">Germany</option><option value="Ghana">Ghana</option><option value="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</option><option value="Greece">Greece</option><option value="Grenada">Grenada</option><option value="Guatemala">Guatemala</option><option value="Guinea">Guinea</option><option value="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</option><option value="Guyana">Guyana</option><option value="Haiti">Haiti</option><option value="Honduras">Honduras</option><option value="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</option><option value="Hungary">Hungary</option><option value="Iceland">Iceland</option><option value="India">India</option><option value="Indonesia">Indonesia</option><option value="Iran, Islamic Republic of">Iran, Islamic Republic of</option><option value="Iraq">Iraq</option><option value="Ireland">Ireland</option><option value="Israel">Israel</option><option value="Italy">Italy</option><option value="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</option><option value="Jamaica">Jamaica</option><option value="Japan">Japan</option><option value="Jordan">Jordan</option><option value="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</option><option value="Kenya">Kenya</option><option value="Kiribati">Kiribati</option><option value="Korea, Democratic People&#039;s Republic of(North Korea)">Korea, Democratic People&#039;s Republic of(North Korea)</option><option value="Korea, Republic of">Korea, Republic of</option><option value="Kosovo">Kosovo</option><option value="Kuwait">Kuwait</option><option value="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</option><option value="Lao People&#039;s Democratic Republic">Lao People&#039;s Democratic Republic</option><option value="Latvia">Latvia</option><option value="Lebanon">Lebanon</option><option value="Lesotho">Lesotho</option><option value="Liberia">Liberia</option><option value="Libya">Libya</option><option value="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</option><option value="Lithuania">Lithuania</option><option value="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</option><option value="Macau">Macau</option><option value="Macedonia, Rep. of">Macedonia, Rep. of</option><option value="Madagascar">Madagascar</option><option value="Malawi">Malawi</option><option value="Malaysia">Malaysia</option><option value="Maldives">Maldives</option><option value="Mali">Mali</option><option value="Malta">Malta</option><option value="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</option><option value="Mauritania">Mauritania</option><option value="Mauritius">Mauritius</option><option value="Mexico">Mexico</option><option value="Micronesia, Federal States of">Micronesia, Federal States of</option><option value="Moldova">Moldova</option><option value="Monaco">Monaco</option><option value="Mongolia">Mongolia</option><option value="Montenegro">Montenegro</option><option value="Morocco">Morocco</option><option value="Mozambique">Mozambique</option><option value="Myanmar, Burma">Myanmar, Burma</option><option value="Namibia">Namibia</option><option value="Nauru">Nauru</option><option value="Nepal">Nepal</option><option value="Netherlands">Netherlands</option><option value="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</option><option value="New Zealand">New Zealand</option><option value="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</option><option value="Niger">Niger</option><option value="Nigeria">Nigeria</option><option value="Norway">Norway</option><option value="Oman">Oman</option><option value="Pakistan">Pakistan</option><option value="Palau">Palau</option><option value="Palestinian territories">Palestinian territories</option><option value="Panama">Panama</option><option value="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</option><option value="Paraguay">Paraguay</option><option value="Peru">Peru</option><option 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				<h1 class="entry-title t-dianne">Top Linux Cloud Threats of 2020</h1><div class="row top-meta"><div class="col-md-12"><div class="author-box clearfix"><img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-2.18.31-PM-e1608129424261-60x60.png" class="user-photo"><div class="user-bio"><span class="author-light">Written by </span><span class="author-name"> Intezer</span><span class="author-date"> - 21 December 2020</span></div></div></div><div class="main-blog-image"><img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/shutterstock_1829584481.jpg" class="featured-img"></div></div><div class="row blog-cont"><div class="col-md-2 blog-side"><div class="blog-side-subscribe"><div role="form" class="wpcf7" id="wpcf7-f15120-o2" lang="en-US" dir="ltr">
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</div></div><div class="col-md-9 blog-main"><div class="single-post-content"><p>We tagged 2019 as <a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/cloud-security/intezer-contribution-to-ibm-x-force-cloud-threat-landscape-report/">The Year of the Linux Threat</a>. That trend continued in 2020 with high profile APTs launching ELF malware, and Linux versions of Windows threats emerging for the first time.</p>
<p>By some estimates, 2020 saw several years worth of digital transformation in just a few months. Prior to the pandemic, <a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/cloud-security/what-is-cloud-workload-protection/">cloud computing</a> was already becoming the cornerstone of technological innovation in our daily lives. Even more traditional, non-tech-oriented industries, such as banking and manufacturing, were taking the plunge and migrating to the cloud to reap the numerous benefits it offers.</p>
<p>From a security vantage, the increased reliance on the cloud has also meant that attackers have increased their appetite for Linux. Linux is the <a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/not-another-linux-security-blog/#truth">dominant operating system</a> in the cloud. With the increased use of Linux <a href="https://build5nines.com/linux-is-most-used-os-in-microsoft-azure-over-50-percent-fo-vm-cores/#:~:text=to%20point%20out:-,More%20than%2050%25%20of%20VM%20cores%20runs%20Linux%20on%20Azure,provide%2025%25%20faster%20network%20throughput" target="_blank" rel="noopener">workloads</a> and containers in the cloud, it comes as no surprise that over 50% of workloads in Azure use Linux. Picking up on this trend, 2020 saw threat actors develop new Linux threats and also sharpen their existing ELF malware.</p>
<h2 style="font-size: 28px;"><span style="color: #627d98;">APTs</span></h2>
<p>APTs targeting Linux environments are not new. We previously documented how APTs have targeted this operating system <a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/cloud-security/looking-back-on-the-last-decade-of-linux-apt-attacks/">for a decade</a>, mainly attributed to Russia, China and North Korea. In July, our researchers disclosed a previously undetected <a href="https://analyze.intezer.com/files/85e72976b9448295034a8d4c26462b8f1ebe1ca0a4e4b897c7f2404d0de948c2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Linux version</a> of WellMail, a malware the UK National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) attributed to <a href="https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/advisory-apt29-targets-covid-19-vaccine-development" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Russia’s APT29</a>.</p>
<h2 style="font-size: 28px;"><span style="color: #627d98;">From Windows to Linux</span></h2>
<p>2020 also saw cybercrime groups targeting Linux. One of the most significant discoveries of the year was this <a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1288487307369222145" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Linux sample</a> of TrickBot, which is commonly known for targeting Windows platforms.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/a-storm-is-brewing-ipstorm-now-has-linux-malware/">IPStorm</a> is another example. This Windows malware first identified in 2019 resurfaced in 2020 almost exclusively targeting Linux machines. The discovery of these Linux threats is further evidence that malware developers are moving to the cloud.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.intezer.com/resource/ipstorm-detection-and-response/">Download the IPStorm Detection &amp; Response Guide</a></p>
<h2 style="font-size: 28px;"><span style="color: #627d98;">Updates to Existing Linux Malware</span></h2>
<p>This year also saw updates made by threat actors who we already knew had Linux malware, such as <a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1247131160452509696" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Penquin (Turla)</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1314219708732919808" target="_blank" rel="noopener">QNAPCrypt</a>. This proved that attackers are keeping their existing malware sharp and active in addition to developing new tools.</p>
<h2 style="font-size: 28px;"><span style="color: #627d98;">Golang</span></h2>
<p>2020 was a bit like playing Whac-A-Mole. Threat actors, from APTs to botnet developers, turned to Golang as their programming language of choice to develop cross-platform malware that targeted both Windows and Linux. Just when you whacked one malware written in Golang, another one came rearing its ugly head.</p>
<p>Golang is incredibly efficient for developing malware that targets various operating systems. Since Golang files are compiled together with their runtime code, they are much heavier than native files. This makes it difficult for Antivirus engines to analyze them and allows Golang files to often bypass detection.</p>
<p>The good news is that you can detect cross-platform malware with the code reuse feature for Golang in Intezer Analyze. <a href="https://analyze.intezer.com/files/2b03806939d1171f063ba8d14c3b10622edb5732e4f78dc4fe3eac98b56e5d46" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Here is an example</a> of a Carbanak Linux sample, written in Golang, which at the time of its discovery was fully undetected in VirusTotal.</p>
<h2 style="font-size: 28px;"><span style="color: #627d98;">Top Linux Cloud Threats of 2020</span></h2>
<p>The following timeline recaps the notable Linux malware discoveries of the year. It includes both newly discovered malware and previously reported tools that were updated in 2020.</p>
<p><a href="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Top-Linux-Cloud-Threats-of-2020.png" data-slb-group="post-images" data-slb-active="1" data-slb-asset="724909962" data-slb-internal="0"><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone jetpack-lazy-image" src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Top-Linux-Cloud-Threats-of-2020.png" alt width="1600" height="589" data-lazy-src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Top-Linux-Cloud-Threats-of-2020.png?is-pending-load=1" srcset=""><noscript><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone" src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Top-Linux-Cloud-Threats-of-2020.png" alt="" width="1600" height="589" /></noscript></a></p>
<h2 style="font-size: 28px;"><span style="color: #627d98;">Wrap-Up</span></h2>
<p>You can call 2020 a lot of things. Maybe <strong>The Year of the Gopher</strong> is best fitting. It’s important to be on the lookout for threats written in Golang because they are often multi-platform and can target different environments.</p>
<p>If 2021 is anything like the previous two years, we can expect more Windows threats to come out with Linux malware. ELF malware analysis is a skill that you will want to add to your arsenal, which is why we initiated this <a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/linux/elf-malware-analysis-101-linux-threats-no-longer-an-afterthought/">ELF Malware Analysis 101</a> series for you to practice hands-on. Of course you can always use <a href="https://analyze.intezer.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Intezer Analyze</a> to accelerate detection and classification of ELF malware.</p>
<h2 style="font-size: 28px;"><span style="color: #627d98;">Stay Protected Against Linux Threats</span></h2>
<p>Subscribe to our weekly <a href="https://www.intezer.com/resource/linux-threat-feed/">Threat Feed</a> to keep up with the latest threats targeting Linux. We also invite you to create a free Intezer Protect <a href="https://protect.intezer.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noopener">community edition</a> account. Intezer Protect is a runtime Cloud Workload Protection Platform built specifically to protect cloud environments—including Linux servers, VMs, containers, k8s, CaaS and FaaS—against the aforementioned threats.</p>
<p>Hats off to the research community for the exceptional work they did this year <strong>investigating</strong><strong> the latest Linux threats.<br />
</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/01/vigilante-deploying-mitigation-for-citrix-netscaler-vulnerability-while-maintaining-backdoor.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NOTROBIN</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.sophos.com/en-us/medialibrary/PDFs/technical-papers/sophoslabs-cloud-snooper-report.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cloud Snooper</a></li>
<li><a href="https://blogs.jpcert.or.jp/en/2020/03/elf-tscookie.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">TSCookie, </a><a href="https://blogs.jpcert.or.jp/en/2020/03/elf-tscookie.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">BlackTech</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.blackberry.com/us/en/pdfviewer?file=/content/dam/blackberry-com/asset/enterprise/pdf/direct/report-bb-decade-of-the-rats.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PWNLNX, </a><a href="https://www.blackberry.com/us/en/pdfviewer?file=/content/dam/blackberry-com/asset/enterprise/pdf/direct/report-bb-decade-of-the-rats.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Winnti </a></li>
<li><a href="https://blog.aquasec.com/threat-alert-kinsing-malware-container-vulnerability" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kinsing</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.leonardocompany.com/documents/20142/10868623/Malware+Technical+Insight+_Turla+%E2%80%9CPenquin_x64%E2%80%9D.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Turla</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/kaiji-new-chinese-linux-malware-turning-to-golang/">Kaiji</a></li>
<li><a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1272915284148531200" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ManusCrypt, </a><a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1272915284148531200" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Lazarus</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.intezer.com/container-security/watch-your-containers-doki-infecting-docker-servers-in-the-cloud/">Doki</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/new-agelocker-ransomware-uses-googlers-utility-to-encrypt-files/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">AgeLocker</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/files/Advisory-APT29-targets-COVID-19-vaccine-development.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">WellMess &amp; WellMail, APT29</a></li>
<li><a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1288487307369222145" target="_blank" rel="noopener">TrickBot</a></li>
<li><a href="https://media.defense.gov/2020/Aug/13/2002476465/-1/-1/0/CSA_DROVORUB_RUSSIAN_GRU_MALWARE_AUG_2020.PDF" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Drovorub</a></li>
<li><a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1291355808811409408" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Carbanak</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cadosecurity.com/post/team-tnt-the-first-crypto-mining-worm-to-steal-aws-credentials" target="_blank" rel="noopener">TeamTNT</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.guardicore.com/2020/08/fritzfrog-p2p-botnet-infects-ssh-servers/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">FritzFrog</a></li>
<li><a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1300403461809491969" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dalcs, Lazarus</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/a-storm-is-brewing-ipstorm-now-has-linux-malware/">IPStorm</a></li>
<li><a href="https://securelist.com/ransomexx-trojan-attacks-linux-systems/99279/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">RansomEXX</a></li>
<li><a href="https://blogs.jpcert.or.jp/en/2020/11/elf-plead.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PLEAD, BlackTech</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/stantinkos-proxy-after-your-apache-server/">Stantinko</a></li>
<li><a href="https://blog.netlab.360.com/blackrota-an-obfuscated-backdoor-written-in-go-en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Blackrota</a></li>
<li><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/pgminer-postgresql-cryptocurrency-mining-botnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PGMiner</a></li>
<li><a href="https://twitter.com/IntezerLabs/status/1338480158249013250" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Prometei</a></li>
</ul>
<p style="height: 11pt;">
<div class="author-box-bottom clearfix"><img src="https://149520725.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-2.18.31-PM-e1608129424261-60x60.png" class="user-photo"><div class="user-bio"><strong> Intezer</strong><div class="share-author"><a href="https://twitter.com/intezerlabs" target="_blank" class="twitter-link"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/10656303" target="_blank" class="linkedin-link"><i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/IntezerLabs/" target="_blank" class="facebook-link"><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div><p><p style="text-align:center">Track the latest malware variants and threat actors analyze.intezer.com</p></p></div></div><div class="post-tags"> <a href="https://www.intezer.com/tag/2020/" rel="tag">2020</a> <a href="https://www.intezer.com/tag/cloud/" rel="tag">Cloud</a> <a href="https://www.intezer.com/tag/cloud-computing/" rel="tag">Cloud Computing</a> <a href="https://www.intezer.com/tag/cloud-security/" rel="tag">Cloud Security</a> <a href="https://www.intezer.com/tag/linux/" rel="tag">Linux</a></div><nav class="post-nav clearfix"><div class="prev-post"><a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/cloud-security/8-reasons-to-try-intezer-protect-community-edition/" rel="prev"></a><div class="post-link clear"><h4><a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/cloud-security/8-reasons-to-try-intezer-protect-community-edition/" rel="prev">8 Reasons to Try Intezer Protect Community Edition</a></h4></div></div><div class="next-post"><a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/new-golang-worm-drops-xmrig-miner-on-servers/" rel="next"></a><div class="post-link clear"><h4><a href="https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/new-golang-worm-drops-xmrig-miner-on-servers/" rel="next">Early Bird Catches the Worm: New Golang Worm Drops XMRig Miner on Servers</a></h4></div></div></nav>        <div class="related-posts">
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